Articles
DOI DOI: 10.62441/actainnovations.v63i.1363

LEGAL AND ETHICAL FRAMEWORK OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN LATIN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT

Javier Guaña-Moya 1, Nilo Pizarro Esquivel 2, Harlyn Ricalde Palomino 2, Santiago Criollo-C 3, Yamileth Arteaga-Alcívar 4, Cliffor Jerry Herrera Castrillo5
  1. 1 Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
  2. 2 Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco. Cusco, Perú.
  3. 3 Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
  4. 4 Instituto Superior Universitario Japón. Quito, Ecuador.
  5. 5 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua. Nicaragua.

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze and conceptualize the evolution of legal and ethical frameworks for the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the administrative management of Latin American universities, identifying the challenges arising from institutional fragmentation, inequality, and external technological dependence. Methodology: The approach of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was adopted based on the guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 protocol and the formulation of questions using the PICO model. Results: The findings were articulated around four thematic axes: scope of implementation; governance and autonomy; applied ethics; and organizational productivity. The practical deployment of AI tools in admission processes, prediction of school dropout risks, personalized learning pathways, and automated support through chatbots was demonstrated, achieving up to a 25% reduction in the times of institutional accreditation cycles. However, critical ethical risks were detected, such as systemic opacity, algorithmic biases that deepen socioeconomic inequalities, vulnerabilities in student data privacy, and a marked deficit in the ethical and technological literacy of teachers. Implications: Higher education institutions in Latin America must transition from traditional or reactive bureaucratic management to a model of “anticipatory governance.” This requires the design and implementation of clear data protection policies, periodic algorithmic audits, permanent technical training programs, and unified regulatory frameworks that safeguard university autonomy and ensure that automation does not displace human judgment and values. Originality: This work fills a critical gap in the scientific literature by comprehensively integrating legal, ethical, and institutional governance perspectives exclusively applied to the field of university administration within the specific socio-historical and structural context of Latin America.

How to Cite

Guaña-Moya , J., Esquivel , N. P., Palomino , H. R., Criollo-C , S., Arteaga-Alcívar , Y., & Castrillo, C. J. H. (2026). LEGAL AND ETHICAL FRAMEWORK OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN LATIN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT. ACTA INNOVATIONS, 63, 1134–1147. https://doi.org/10.62441/actainnovations.v63i.1363
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